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This medicine contains the active ingredient famotidine, which is a type of medicine called an H2-receptor antagonist. It works by blocking histamine (H2) receptors that are present on cells in the stomach lining.
Normally a substance called histamine binds to these receptors. Histamine is produced throughout the body and has many effects. When histamine binds to H2 receptors on cells in the stomach lining it causes them to produce acid.
Famotidine works by binding to the H2 receptors on the stomach cells, thereby replacing some of the histamine. As a result, the amount of stomach acid produced by these cells is decreased.
Stomach acid is present as a normal part of the digestive process. However, if large amounts of stomach acid are produced, the excess acid may flow back into the food pipe (oesophagus) causing pain and a burning sensation known as heartburn or gastro-oesophageal reflux. If severe, it can cause ulceration or erosions in the oesophagus.
In addition, the linings of the stomach and duodenum (an area of the intestine directly after the stomach) have a protective layer that normally resists acid attack. If this layer is damaged, or large amounts of stomach acid are produced, a peptic ulcer can develop.
Famotidine decreases the amount of acid in the stomach and duodenum. As a result, it helps relieve gastro-oesophageal reflux, and aids the healing of ulcers. It is also used in various conditions where there is excess acid production in the stomach, eg Zollinger–Ellison syndrome.
What is it used for?
Excessive secretion of stomach acid due to a tumour or enlargement of the pancreas (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Peptic ulcers
Preventing relapse of duodenal ulcers
Preventing relapse of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
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